How does deprexis work?

Interactive CBT:
Methodological depth through adaptive dialogue technology

deprexis® is not a static online learning program, but an adaptive intervention that utilizes the principle of "simulated empathy." Within a virtual dialogue, patients are guided through the evidence-based modules of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT).

Rather than merely consuming content passively, users actively interact with the program. By continuously responding to individual inputs, deprexis® adjusts the therapeutic focus areas in real time, thereby creating a personalized experience that combines scientific depth with digital flexibility.

The therapeutic toolbox:
variety and individualization

deprexis is based on the methods of modern cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). In 10 to 12 interactive modules, patients are empowered to better understand their condition and actively develop coping strategies. Based on the patient's responses, the program selects the most relevant content.

An Overview of the Therapeutic Modules:

  • Psychoeducation:
    In-depth knowledge about the onset, course, and treatment of depression.
  • Behavioral Activation:
    Building pleasant activities to break the downward spiral of withdrawal and lack of drive.
  • Social Skills:
    Strengthening interaction skills and self-esteem.


  • Cognitive Restructuring:
    Identification and modification of distressing thought patterns (dysfunctional cognitions).
  • Problem-Solving Strategies: Systematic approaches to coping with stressful everyday situations.
  • Relaxation Techniques & Mindfulness:
    Learning techniques for stress regulation and the acceptance of difficult emotions.

Therapeutic Goals & Learning Outcomes

What your patients learn and practice with deprexis:

1. Cognitive Competence & Pattern Recognition

  • Understanding connections: Patients learn to identify the interplay between thoughts, feelings, and their behavior in everyday life.
  • Changing thought patterns: Targeted guidance in recognizing and restructuring distressing (dysfunctional) thought patterns and downward spirals.

2. Self-Management & Problem-Solving

  • Boosting self-efficacy: Through practical exercises, patients immediately experience that they can actively influence their mental state.
  • Solution orientation: Developing a personal problem-solving plan as well as practicing goal-oriented thinking and action.

3. Values & Basic Psychological Needs

  • Grawe's need-oriented approach: Identification and exploration of basic personal needs (e.g., for orientation, attachment, or self-esteem enhancement) to increase psychological consistency.
  • Value orientation: Developing and implementing activities that align with personal values and meaningfully enrich everyday life.

4. Clinical Stabilization & Quality of Life

  • Symptom reduction: Noticeable relief from core symptoms such as lack of drive, loss of interest, and agonizing loops of repetitive thoughts.
  • Sustainability: Developing long-term strategies for relapse prevention and for the lasting enhancement of quality of life and activity in everyday life.


deprexis complies with the S3 Guideline for Depression

deprexis complies with the current S3 Guideline for the treatment of depression regarding the following points:

Education on Depression (Symptoms, Course, Treatment):

The guideline recommends providing structured information to patients (and, if applicable, their relatives) and utilizing evidence-based patient information/decision aids. deprexis delivers this content to provide guidance throughout the treatment process.

Psychoeducational Offers as a Supplement:


Psychoeducation aims to improve the patient's level of information, acceptance, and treatment adherence. deprexis addresses this aspect through psychoeducational dialogues and practical, everyday explanations/exercises.


Qualified Guided Self-Help (e.g., Online Programs):


For persistent mild symptoms, the guideline explicitly recommends qualified guided self-help – a standard that deprexis, as a certified online program, fully meets.




Problem-Solving Approaches (Problem-solving):


The guideline identifies problem-solving approaches as a potential intensification of care. deprexis specifically implements this through systematic, step-by-step exercises for problem clarification, goal setting, and execution.

Reasons to recommend deprexis:

  • To bridge the waiting time for a therapy slot
  • To accompany an ongoing treatment
  • als Nachsorge-Maßnahme zur Stabilisierung nach ambulanter oder stationärer Therapie

ICD-10:

  • F32.0 / F32.1 / F32.2 Depressive episode
  • F33.0 / F33.1 / F33.2 Recurrent depressive disorder

ICD-11:

  • 6A70 Depressive disorder, single episode
  • 6A71 Recurrent depressive disorder

Contraindications

  • F20 Schizophrenia
  • R45.8 Other symptoms involving mood (e.g., acute suicidality)


  • F23 Acute and transient psychotic disorders
  • F31 Bipolar affective disorder
  • F25 Schizoaffective disorders

Why is deprexis effective?
Mechanisms of action from research & clinical care

1. Core CBT Methods –
Structured and Practical

deprexis teaches and trains core CBT elements with the goal of applying skills in everyday life.

2. Individualization Instead of
"One Size Fits All"

deprexis is designed as a dialogue-based program and guides patients step by step through therapeutic content – offering multiple-choice responses, repetitions, and a pace that aligns with their individual everyday life. This allows patients to set priorities and deepen content based on their needs.

3. Independently Reviewed

As part of the "Trusted Health Apps" project, the Bertelsmann Stiftung1 commissioned an independent medical review of deprexis regarding its evidence base and medical quality. The summary of results highlights its "excellent scientific evaluation".

1Bertelsmann Stiftung. (2025). Medical review of digital health applications: Deprexis ("Trusted Health Apps" project). Gütersloh: Bertelsmann Stiftung.

4. Easy to Integrate
("Blended Care")

Studies and meta-analyses report that deprexis can also be used in combination with other forms of treatment (e.g., parallel to psychotherapy/standard care). This supports its flexible integration into daily clinical practice.1,2,3

1Berger T, Hämmerli K, Gubser N, Andersson G, Caspar F. Internet-based treatment of depression: a randomized controlled trial comparing guided with unguided self-help. Cogn Behav Ther. 2011;40(4):251-66. doi: 10.1080/16506073.2011.616531. PMID: 22060248.

2Berger T, Krieger T, Sude K, Meyer B, Maercker A. Evaluating an e-mental health program ("deprexis") as adjunctive treatment tool in psychotherapy for depression: Results of a pragmatic randomized controlled trial. J Affect Disord. 2018 Feb;227:455-462. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2017.11.021. Epub 2017 Nov 10. PMID: 29154168.

3Zwerenz R, Becker J, Knickenberg RJ, Siepmann M, Hagen K, Beutel ME. Online Self-Help as an Add-On to Inpatient Psychotherapy: Efficacy of a New Blended Treatment Approach. Psychother Psychosom. 2017;86(6):341-350. doi: 10.1159/000481177. Epub 2017 Nov 3. PMID: 29131090.

Any questions?

Here you can find frequently asked questions about deprexis and their answers.

deprexis is a therapeutic program that has been proven in practice for over 15 years. Its efficacy has been demonstrated in a total of 16 clinical trials, making deprexis one of the most thoroughly and extensively researched digital therapies worldwide.

deprexis was developed by GAIA AG. Backing the program is an experienced, interdisciplinary team of physicians, psychologists, and psychotherapists who designed the content in collaboration with affected individuals. Furthermore, deprexis has been peer-reviewed by internationally renowned experts, among others.

deprexis is suitable for adults aged 18 and older. This ensures that the content and exercises match the respective life situation and can be used safely and effectively.

deprexis is currently available in 10 different languages to reach patients from diverse linguistic backgrounds:

  • English
  • German
  • Swedish
  • Greek
  • Spanish
  • Italian
  • French
  • Portuguese (Brazil)
  • Portuguese (Portugal)
  • Traditional Chinese (Taiwan)

deprexis has been available since 2007. The program has been continuously developed since then and has been used as a digital therapy for depression for over 15 years.

Worldwide, more than 275,000 affected individuals have already used deprexis.

deprexis has been evaluated in cooperation with renowned universities and clinics, including the University of Lübeck / UKSH, the UKE (University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf), Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, the University of Bern, Bielefeld University, the University of Trier, and the University of Tübingen.

³ ¹ Meyer, B, Bierbrodt, J, et al. Effects of an Internet Intervention (Deprexis) on Severe Depression Symptoms: Randomized Controlled Trial. Internet Interventions. 2015; 2(1):48–59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.invent.2014.12.003

⁴ ² Berger T, Krieger T, Sude K, Meyer B, Maercker A. Evaluating an e-mental health program („deprexis“) as adjunctive treatment tool in psychotherapy for depression: Results of a pragmatic randomized controlled trial. J Affect Disord. 2018;227:455‐462.

Renowned US partners, such as the University of Texas at Austin, also participated in conducting international studies.

A curated overview of research projects and publications can be found on the GAIA website in the research & clinical trials section. Key studies (e.g., EVIDENT) and cooperation partners are detailed there and regularly updated.

In scientific literature, deprexis is classified as a widely researched digital CBT.

This recent review describes deprexis as an application "with the most extensive body of clinical evidence." The current meta-analysis confirms the efficacy of deprexis based on an analysis of 12 RCTs (n = 2,901) focusing on deprexis.

An independent evaluation (project "Trusted Health Apps") also highlights the excellent scientific evaluation of deprexis and rates its mode of action and functions as suitable for achieving its objectives.

Yes. We regularly offer free, CME-certified online training courses featuring experienced speakers from the fields of medicine and psychotherapy. Specialized professional events focusing on depression and the clinical use of deprexis routinely complement this offering.

Please refer to our training calendar for upcoming dates and registration.

Would you like a personal walkthrough of deprexis? Simply request a product demo.

deprexis is designed to guide patients through the content independently and intuitively. For technical questions, the manufacturer's support team is available to help. On the practitioner's side, a brief clarification of expectations is usually sufficient – you can use our patient flyer for this purpose.

deprexis is a comprehensive, interactive therapy program that offers a wide variety of exercises and content for individuals affected by depression. Here is an overview for you:

Behavioral activation

  • Explanation of the connection between fulfilling, reinforcing activities and depression.
  • Introduction to the concept of basic psychological needs (e.g., competence, autonomy, social connectedness).

Cognitive restructuring

  • Explanation of how to manage automatic thoughts and cognitive distortions that fuel depression (e.g., catastrophizing, emotional reasoning).

Relaxation, physical activity, and lifestyle changes

  • Introduction to various relaxation techniques for managing stress (e.g., breathing exercises, meditative visualization, progressive muscle relaxation).
  • Importance of lifestyle changes (e.g., healthy diet, physical activity) for mental well-being.

Acceptance and mindfulness

  • Explanation of the difficulties of trying to control or suppress unwanted thoughts and feelings.
  • Introduction to ways of accepting such thoughts and feelings and learning how to cope with them.

Problem-solving

  • Explanation of how to approach problems in a structured way as well as develop and implement potential solutions.

Childhood experiences

  • A behaviorally oriented introduction to the connection between early learning experiences and the subsequent onset of depression.
  • Guidance on how to process and handle problematic childhood experiences.

Interpersonal skills

  • A behaviorally oriented explanation of the connection between one's own social behavior and depression.
  • Insights into how to communicate positively with others and the impact this can have on your mood.

Positive psychology

  • A behaviorally oriented explanation of the core elements of positive psychology (e.g., resource activation).
  • Focus on personal strengths and talents.

Dreamwork (optional)

  • A behaviorally oriented introduction to using dreams as an approach to problem-solving in everyday life.

Summary of key principles and techniques

  • Summary of the most important principles and techniques from the previous sections.

deprexis is not suitable for certain severe mental health conditions. These include, for example, schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorders, or acute psychotic episodes.

deprexis should also not be used for bipolar disorders (characterized by severe fluctuations between depressive and manic phases), as well as for acute suicidal crises or other severe mood symptoms.

As a DiGA (digital health application), deprexis is listed in the BfArM directory and classified as a Risk Class I medical device (under the MDR).

Click here to learn more about the contraindications.

As with depression treatments in general, immediate medical or psychotherapeutic care is required in the event of suicidal risk or an acute crisis.

Yes – deprexis can be prescribed for severe depressive episodes. Its efficacy within this spectrum of indications (including F32.2 and F33.2) has been successfully demonstrated in multiple clinical studies.

Yes, when deprexis is used in addition to traditional psychotherapy, the treatment outcomes can improve significantly.

Studies show: Individuals who used deprexis as an adjunctive tool to their therapy experienced improvements in their depressive symptoms that were more than twice as strong compared to those who received traditional psychotherapy without deprexis.

Berger T, Krieger T, Sude K, Meyer B, Maercker A. Evaluating an e-mental health program („deprexis“) as adjunctive treatment tool in psychotherapy for depression: Results of a pragmatic randomized controlled trial. J Affect Disord. 2018;227:455‐462.

deprexis utilizes a dialogue-based structure, tailoring its content through choice pathways and feedback to match each patient's specific symptoms, goals, and progress. Users can set their own focus areas and work at their individual pace, making the treatment highly practical and personalized.

deprexis is designed to foster self-efficacy: patients work through CBT-based content at their own pace, practice strategies applicable to daily life, and receive structured feedback, making their progress tangible.

Generally, it is recommended to use the program once or twice a week for about half an hour to an hour.

In principle, deprexis is highly accessible and low-threshold because the content can be completed flexibly at one's own pace and no additional appointments are required.

At the same time, pre-existing conditions such as severe cognitive impairments, pronounced lack of motivation, or limited media and reading literacy can make usage more difficult. In these cases, a brief assessment of individual suitability and, if necessary, additional support can be helpful.

The easiest way is a brief explanation in plain language, for example: "deprexis is a medically prescribed online program for depression that is fully covered by your health insurance. It provides you with practical exercises and discussion topics to implement in your daily life – and you can start right away."

You are welcome to use our patient flyer, which explains the process, benefits, and the steps to get started in a step-by-step format.

Since 2020, the DiGAV (Digital Health Applications Ordinance) has established binding requirements regarding safety, functionality, quality, and data protection for applications listed in the BfArM directory. Inclusion occurs following evaluation via the BfArM fast-track process.

For you as a practitioner, this means: The application meets regulatory standards, while the technical implementation and operation remain the responsibility of the manufacturer.

Your responsibility as a prescriber lies solely in the medical-therapeutic assessment: verifying the indication, considering and documenting contraindications, ensuring the application is appropriate, and confirming that patients know what to do in the event of a worsening of symptoms or an acute crisis.

deprexis can be prescribed by all physicians and psychotherapists – regardless of the specific form of therapy they offer (e.g., psychodynamic or cognitive behavioral).

Yes, hospital physicians can prescribe deprexis as part of the discharge management process (using the standard prescription form / discharge prescription). Patients then submit the prescription to their health insurance company to receive their activation code.

Similarly, physicians in a Psychiatric Outpatient Department (PIA) or a day clinic can prescribe deprexis, provided that the facility or the treating clinician holds prescribing authority.

No. deprexis does not refer patients to psychotherapists or physicians.

If additional support is needed, a medical or psychotherapeutic practice can be contacted directly. The medical appointment service at 116 117 can also assist in finding a suitable treatment option.

For a straightforward reimbursement process, patients submit the prescription along with any required additional documents – such as a cost estimate – to their private health insurance or aid office. Prior consultation with the payer ensures coverage approval.

For federal aid, the following applies: Digital applications may be eligible for aid if they are prescribed by a physician or psychotherapist and the specific aid requirements are met.

Generally, no: deprexis is designed to be highly accessible (low-threshold), requires minimal technical setups, and is intuitive for patients to use. Experience shows that both younger and older patients cope well with the program.

If questions do arise, they usually concern the access path or the activation code. In these cases, patients can contact the deprexis technical support team directly.

No, your existing practice management software is completely sufficient.

You can find deprexis in your system under PZN 17265872. The prescription process is carried out through your current practice software as quickly and easily as you are used to. No additional software is required for a "traditional" prescription.

The electronic prescription of digital health applications is being gradually integrated into the infrastructure and practice management software. The specific availability depends on the status of your PMS (practice management system) and TI (telematics infrastructure).

Where the e-prescription for digital applications is already supported, the process is fundamentally identical to standard electronic prescribing – otherwise, the traditional prescription via Form 16 remains the reliable standard method.

Currently, there is no specific, permanently billable EBM billing code for solely prescribing deprexis.

The prescription is valid for 90 calendar days starting from the initial registration. This is the standard period during which patients can log in with their activation code and use deprexis.

To ensure a seamless continuation of the therapy, an early follow-up prescription is recommended. This ensures that all progress and data are securely preserved beyond the initial 90-day period.